Abstract: Agriculture is an important part of Henan's economic development, and agricultural production is also an important source of greenhouse gas emissions. In this paper, the activity level data of agricultural carbon emissions in 18 cities in Henan Province were collected. Based on the calculation method provided by the Guidelines for Compiling Provincial Greenhouse Gas Inventories and referring to the 2006 IPCC Guidelines for National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, agricultural CO2, CH4 and N2O emissions were carefully estimated. An agricultural greenhouse gas inventory was compiled for Henan Province from 2011 to 2020. Then, based on the spatial distribution and emission intensity, the carbon emissions of each city in Henan Province in 2019 were further analyzed. The results show that carbon emissions decreased from 57,603,500 tons in 2011 to 44,517,300 tons in 2020, with an average annual decrease rate of about 2.66%. The total agricultural carbon emissions in Henan showed a downward trend, and agricultural land was the dominant factor of carbon emissions, accounting for about 47% of the total carbon emissions over the years. Read More

Abstract: The morphology and structure of lignin in French oak, American oak and Chinese Mongolian oak were observed and compared by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that the surface of lignin after enzymatic hydrolysis was more irregular and the contact area was obviously increased. GC-MS detected 3 kinds of lignin, 4 kinds of components and 30 kinds of volatile substances. The lignin content of French oak was the highest (8911.5 ± 512.2 μg/L, 29 kinds), followed by that of American oak (8071.7 ±541.9 μg/L, 26 kinds), and that of Mongolian oak was the least (7903.3 ± 492.5 μg/L, 26 kinds). The results of aroma characteristics analysis, principal component analysis and heat map analysis showed that the aroma components of the three kinds of oak lignin were significantly different. French oak lignin could provide more volatile phenols, with obvious smoky, woody and sweet flavor. Mongolian oak lignin carries more phenolic and ester compounds, providing a relatively soft floral, fruity flavor. American oak lignin has a relatively average aroma substance content, which can bring strong and complex complex aroma characteristics. Read More

Abstract: A large number of research results show that the reasonable determination of the width of the coal pillar is an important factor affecting the stability of the surrounding rock along the roadway along the fully mechanized discharge. In this paper, the mechanism of the specific condition of isolation of coal pillars in the deep roadway of Menkeqing coal mine area on the law of surface subsidence is analyzed. The FLAC3D numerical simulation technology was used to simulate the multi-level experimental scheme to analyze the influence of different remaining coal pillar widths on the stress and strain of overburden rock and surface subsidence, and to reveal the relationship between the width of isolated coal pillars and the surface subsidence law of deep mining. Read More

Abstract: Whether the construction environment is safe or not is the most important issue in the process of project construction. By analysing the current research status of construction safety, we point out the current problems, such as the lack of attention to the toxicity of the construction materials themselves may cause harm to the construction personnel, and conduct an experimental study on the effect of ammonia on the fatigue of the construction personnel to verify this conjecture, the higher the concentration of ammonia in the same period of time the stronger the fatigue degree of the construction personnel, and at the same time the higher the concentration of ammonia in the masonry volume is less. Finally, it is hoped that new green building materials can be developed to solve such problems, but in the process of research and development will be faced with some difficulties such as high cost, unstable supply, and increased technical difficulties in construction, and so on. Read More

Abstract: Globally, land use is considered as one of the most closely related link between human being and nature. But land use/cover change (LULC) is regarded as the main cause for global environmental change with possible serious impact on human livelihoods and many parts of social and physical environmental aspects. Huai River Basin (HRB) is among the global river-land ecosystems that has been intensively altered by land use change. Unfortunately, the increasing land use change in HRB is not well scientifically addressed and still, related existing problems are not solved putting the basin ecological status and its basic grain production agricultural capacity at risks. This study adopted data image processing software and various mathematical statistical models to analyze the current LULC characteristics and dynamics of change in the study basin. From the analysis that adopted combined scientific techniques of CA-Markov, InVEST models with ArcGIS and IDRISI software, the results indicate that in 20 years of study, area of cultivated land in HRB declined by -4.34%, grassland declined by -21.28%, forest land declined by -3.22% and unused land declined by -18.84% while area of construction land increased by 26.38% and water area increased by 11.62%. Cultivated land was the major land use type in the basin while unused land was the minor land use type. Land use projection trend of HRB in 2035 predicts decline of areas coverage on cultivated land by -6.92%, on forestland by -9.20% and on grassland by -12.29%. But the basin is expected to have area increase on construction land by 30.07%, on water area by 15.03% and on unused land by 18.45%. Pictorial summary for the analysis of land use/cover characteristics and dynamic of changes in HRB is shown below. Read More

Abstract: In recent years, under the combined effects of climate change and El Niño, extreme weather has been occurring frequently, and natural disasters of all kinds have been increasing. Forest fire is the first of the three major natural disasters in forests, to reduce the possibility of starting forest fires, reduce the damage caused by forest fire disasters, as well as to predict the development trend of forest fires and fight them scientifically, we should systematically and scientifically grasp the law of forest fire occurrence and development. This paper analyses the various influencing factors affecting the behavior of forest fires and classifies meteorological factors and the moisture content of combustible materials as dynamic factors, and topographical factors and other factors of combustible materials except moisture content as slow-change factors. The research on dynamic data-driven forest fire behavior in recent years is reviewed, the advantages of dynamic data-driven technology for simulating fires are analyzed, the constraints of the technology are indicated, and the future development trend is shown. Read More

Abstract: As typical pollutants in coking wastewater, pyridine, indole, quinoline, and phenol have the advantages of rapidity and accuracy when determined in aqueous solution using UV spectrophotometry, but the presence of other substances in the water can interfere with the results. In this study, the spectrophotometric detection of pyridine, indole, quinoline, and phenol in coking wastewater was interfered with by Fe3+. To minimize this interference, hydroxylamine hydrochloride (HA) was selected as a masking agent to eliminate the interference of Fe3+ on the detection. The results indicated that spectrophotometric determination was significantly affected by Fe3+, and the level of interference increased with the concentration of Fe3+. HA can effectively reduce the absorbance of Fe3+ in the wavelength range of 250-350 nm. It exhibits a strong masking effect on the determination of Fe3+ in indole and phenol solutions, but it hampers the detection of pyridine and quinoline. HA has a better elimination effect on the interference of different concentrations of Fe3+, which can make the relative error of the determination results of indole and phenol less than 5% and 10%, respectively. Read More

Abstract: The effect of a mixture of different inoculants as inoculum on the hydrolytic and acidification process was investigated in order to improve the hydrolytic and acidification properties of kitchen waste. The results showed that the inoculation of Baijiu pit mud had the feasibility to improve the hydrolytic acidification performance during the hydrolytic acidification process of kitchen waste. At the end of the hydrolytic acidification process, the SCOD of the 1:0, 3:1,1:1, and 1;3 group increased by 55.97%, 48.67%, 30.82% and 7.03%, respectively, compared with that of the 1:0 group; the hydrolysis rate increased by 2.44%, 7.07%, 2.01% and 2.2% compared with that of the 0:1 group. The highest concentration of VFAs was found in the group with 1:3 ratio of Baijiu pit mud and anaerobic sludge, which was 11353.46 mg/L. The highest acidification rate was found in the 1:3 group, which was 68.57%, and 16.14% higher than that in the 1:0 group. The highest concentration of VFAs was found in the group with 1:3 ratio of Baijiu pit mud and anaerobic sludge, which was 11353.46 mg/L. The highest acidification rate was found in the 1:3 group, which was 68.57%, and 16.14% higher than that in the 1:0 group. Inoculation of Baijiu pit mud was able to change the fraction of VFAs during the hydrolytic acidification of kitchen waste. The fermentation type of the hydrolytic acidification system was ethanol-type fermentation, and the ethanol concentration was increased by 8.64, 8.59, 7.36, and 2.81 times in the groups with the ratio of Baijiu pit mud to anaerobic sludge of 1:0, 3:1, and 1:1, respectively. However, in the Baijiu pit mud and anaerobic sludge ratio of 1:3 and 0:1 group, the main type of fermentation was acetic acid type fermentation. The experimental groups inoculated with Baijiu pit mud. Read More

Abstract: Jurassic strata in Tarim are significant for their hydrocarbon-rich content. However, the distribution of hydrocarbon source rocks in this region is uneven, and the conditions for hydrocarbon accumulation vary significantly among the different structural elements. Therefore, it is essential to investigate the distribution of Jurassic source rocks, the evolution history of hydrocarbon generation, and the mechanisms influencing hydrocarbon accumulation for effective hydrocarbon exploration and development. To achieve this, seismic, geologic, drilling, logging, and testing data were integrated to analyze the distribution and quality of hydrocarbon source rocks, the evolution of hydrocarbon generation, and the factors influencing hydrocarbon accumulation in Jurassic hydrocarbon source rocks in Tarim Basin. The study revealed that the Jurassic effective hydrocarbon source rock centers are mainly located in the piedmont areas of Kuqa depression, southwest depression, and southeast depression, as well as Yingjisu sag and Manjiaer sag in the eastern Tarim area. Based on a comprehensive evaluation and comparison of the potential of Jurassic hydrocarbon potential in each secondary structural unit, it is concluded that Kuqa Depression has the most favorable exploration zone due to its excellent hydrocarbon accumulation conditions and abundant hydrocarbon resources. Although the overall exploration potential of the southwest depression is lower than that of the Kuqa depression, the hydrocarbon resources potential of the piedmont thrust belt and the associated depression is very high. Similarly, the eastern part of the Manjiaer sag and the Altun piedmont zone of the southeastern depression still have promising exploration prospects, although the overall exploration potential of the eastern Tarim area and the southeastern depression is not as good as the former two. Read More

Abstract: To investigate the research hotspots and development status of wastewater biological denitrification with externally added carbon sources, based on the Web of Science Core Collection database and CNKI Resource Library, we used the visualization software CiteSpace to visualize and analyze the authors, countries, institutions and keywords of the articles published in the field of wastewater biological denitrification with externally added carbon sources in the period of 2000-2022, and then analyze their distribution and research hotspots. The results show that the mainstream journals in the field of water environment at home and abroad have paid great attention to the carbon neutrality of wastewater treatment, and the nitrogen and carbon source of wastewater has become a research hotspot in the field of water environment. This study summarizes the current categories of new carbon sources and predicts the feasibility of using waste from the brewing industry as an additional carbon source. It provides a theoretical basis for promoting the resource utilization of waste in the brewing industry. Read More

Abstract: The lower trench of 2301 working face of Anyang Main Coking Coal Mine has the problems of large deformation of surrounding rock and high difficulty of maintenance in the process of digging. According to the deformation characteristics of the surrounding rock, a "U-type steel + anchor cable" joint support technology is proposed to control the deformation. In this paper, the main parameters of joint support are studied through numerical simulation, and the effect of perimeter rock control is verified through on-site monitoring. The results show that: within a reasonable range of preload force, the larger the preload force of the anchor cable, the better the effect of controlling the deformation of the surrounding rock; when the bracket row spacing is 600-800mm, the stability of the surrounding rock of the roadway can be ensured; during the roadway excavation, the maximum deformation of the surrounding rock is 40mm, which realizes the control of the stability of the surrounding rock in the roadway of the top coal of the soft and thick coal seam. Read More

Abstract: By replacing landfilling with municipal solid waste incineration, the emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) generated by sanitary landfilling is avoided. Simultaneously, the thermal energy generated by waste incineration is utilized for power generation, replacing an equivalent amount of electricity generated from fossil fuels, thereby reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Taking a certain municipal solid waste incineration project as an example, relevant methodologies ACM0022 and CM-072-V01 are applied, and simulated calculations of Certified Emission Reductions (CCER) are conducted through national verification. Combined with the current carbon trading prices, additional value-added benefits are calculated, providing a reference for exploring growth opportunities for waste incineration power plants and achieving carbon peak and neutrality targets for the power plants. Read More

Abstract: In order to reveal the stress distribution law of the anchorage body during the drawing process, through the analysis and research on the anchoring mechanism of the anchor rod, it is found that the bonding mechanism of the interface between the anchor rod and the anchoring material is mainly determined by three factors : bonding force, mechanical interlocking and friction force. The bonding mechanism of the anchorage material-surrounding rock interface is mainly determined by two factors : bonding force and friction force. Then, the mechanical model of anchorage body is established, and the distribution equations of axial force and interfacial shear stress of anchorage body are obtained by theoretical analysis. The axial force and shear stress curves are obtained by substituting the relevant parameters. It is found that the axial force and interfacial shear stress curves are exponentially decreasing. The axial force of the bolt is approximately equal to the load applied on the bolt, and at the end of the anchorage, the axial force approaches zero. Read More

Abstract: University laboratories play a vital role in experimental teaching and scientific research. As the basis of laboratory safety management, laboratory safety education is an important means to eliminate hidden dangers and improve the level of laboratory safety management. Combining the characteristics and safety risks of medical laboratories, this study adheres to the goal of people-oriented and life-first safety management. Construct and innovate the medical laboratory safety education management system from five aspects: building laboratory safety responsibility system, improving laboratory safety management system construction, improving laboratory safety management and protection system, strengthening laboratory safety education and publicity system construction and implementing laboratory safety inspection and rectification system, and improve the effectiveness of laboratory safety education, improve the comprehensive quality and safety awareness of laboratory personnel, form a good safety atmosphere for medical laboratories, ensuring the safe and stable operation of medical laboratories, and help the "double first-class" construction of universities and the construction of healthy China. Read More

Abstract: This study analyzed the spatial and temporal characteristics of surface temperature in Uttarakhand Banner, and explored the correlation between land use types and surface temperature. The results show that the surface temperature of Urumqi Banner is greatly influenced by the change of land use types, and the difference of surface temperature between different land use types is obvious; the spatial and temporal trend of surface temperature in Urumqi Banner is different from the trend of gradual warming of the global climate change, which is mainly due to the change of the land use types by human activities. Read More

Abstract: This paper takes Jiaozuo Mining Area as the research object, based on the analysis of the hydrogeological conditions of the mining area, expounds the characteristics of coal strata, aquifers and groundwater recharge, runoff and discharge in the mining area; analyses the water inrush sources and water diversion channels in the mining area, analyses the routine water chemical data of each aquifer in the mining area, draws the piper three-line diagram and confirms it. To determine the hydrochemical type of groundwater in aquifer, six common water chemical ions are used as discriminant factors, a discriminant model of water inrush source is established by combining principal component analysis and cluster analysis, and the principal component of conventional water chemical ions is extracted as cluster variable to discriminate Water Inrush Source in Jiaozuo Mining Area. In order to prove the rationality and validity of the model, another group of inrush sources in Jiaozuo Mining Area is discussed. The water sample data are discriminated and the results obtained by cluster analysis are compared to verify the accuracy of the model. The results show that the model is feasible. To sum up, the identification model of inrush water source by principal component-cluster analysis can accurately and effectively identify the source of inrush water in Jiaozuo Mining Area. Read More

Abstract: With the goal of carbon peaking, low-carbon green development has become the main theme of economic development. In this context, while pursuing economic benefits, it is also necessary to take into account environmental benefits. Industrial development policies and matching funding strategies related to low-carbon green are called for, and sustainable economic strategies will make the industry move forward steadily. On the basis of foreign scholars' research on green bonds and industrial ESG, this project is based on the new energy industry, organizing and researching the information disclosed by its ESG, exploring in depth the influence of this information on the issuance of green bonds by the new energy industry, and exploring whether there is any positivity in this influence. The ESG information disclosed by the new energy industry can, on the one hand, help investors better understand ESG governance and the green bond market in the new energy industry, and guide them to make rational investments; on the other hand, it can help the government better formulate policies to improve the perfection of the green bond-related standards, including the evaluation system and certification system, as well as the quality of the industry's information disclosure. Read More

Abstract: Hydraulic fracturing technology has been widely used in the development of low-permeability oil fields, gas fields, and coalbed methane. The morphology of the sand dike formed by proppant deposition in the fracture determines the effective shape of the fracture, the effective volume, the flow conductivity, and the validity period of the fracture, and the research on the proppant transport law in the fracture is of great significance in optimizing the fracturing construction parameters and improving the fracturing production increase effect. In this paper, a systematic study on the proppant transport law in hydraulic fracturing fracture is carried out by numerical simulation, which reveals the mechanism of proppant settling and transport, clarifies the proppant transport and placement law under different working conditions, and puts forward the optimization strategy of hydraulic fracturing process on the basis of this study. Read More

Abstract: There are many factors affecting carbon emissions, involving energy consumption, industrial production, transportation and other aspects. In-depth study of these factors will not only help us understand the growth mechanism of carbon emissions, but also provide scientific basis for formulating effective emission reduction strategies. On the road of pursuing sustainable development, reducing carbon emissions and protecting the earth has become our common responsibility. In this paper, x indicators related to regional carbon emissions, economy, population and energy consumption and corresponding data are established to establish an indicator system. Secondly, the data is prepossessed before the establishment of the grey correlation model, which mainly includes the principal component analysis of the data and the selection of four indicators with large index scores. Finally, the grey correlation model is established to analyze the changes among related indicators and draw the conclusion of current situation analysis. Read More

Abstract: For a long time, the faults on both sides of the working face have been the technical problems faced by the coal mining face. Aiming at the situation that both sides of 7509 comprehensive workings in Wuyang coal mine are near to big faults, and through several long and short hollow alleys, the theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and other methods are used to study the fracture mechanism of the roof plate of comprehensive workings in both sides of the faults and the technology of safe and fast hollowing of the workings. Through theoretical calculation and numerical simulation, it is finally determined that the filling strength of 4 MPa is the most suitable. And through the field industrial test, it is proved that the working face can realize rapid, safe and stable mining after filling with ultra-high water material. Read More

Abstract: In the contemporary realm of architecture, Building Information Modeling (BIM) technology is gradually reshaping the holistic management of architectural design, construction, and operation with its distinctive advantages. Despite the widespread adoption of BIM technology, numerous challenges persist in its practical implementation, such as the prevalence of information silos and hindered collaborative workflows. These impediments constrain the further advancement of BIM technology, consequently jeopardizing the quality and efficiency of architectural projects. Confronted with this reality, there exists a pressing need to delve deeply into the optimization pathways of BIM technology in the architectural design process, aiming to devise effective remedial strategies. This article will embark from the current application status of BIM technology in architectural design, expounding upon the fundamental principles, scope of application, and optimization strategies of BIM technology. Through this analysis, it seeks to explore avenues for maximizing the utilization of BIM technology in optimizing architectural design processes, thereby enhancing the overall quality and efficiency of architectural projects. This study not only contributes to propelling technological innovation within the architecture industry but also furnishes novel perspectives and directions for subsequent related research endeavors. Read More

Abstract: Ichnology studies the traces of activities left by modern and ancient animals. The advantage of trace fossils of biological activity and solid fossils is that the trace fossils are not modified by late diagenesis. They are the original deposits of organisms on the sedimentary environment and can directly reflect the living habits of animals and their living environment. According to the sedimentary substrate in which animals live, trace fossils can be divided into tracks, traceways, trails, crawling traces, resting traces, burrows on the soft ground, and erosion traces made by animals on the hard ground. Read More

Abstract: In the production of emulsified sausage, 0.4%, 0.6%, 1%, 1.4% and 1.6% can be added to the curdlan gel No. 1 and No. 2, respectivelyIn order to improve the water retention of beef emulsified sausage, the effect of different amounts of curdlan gel on the cooking loss of beef emulsified sausage was explored. Curdlan gum is a class of gel polysaccharides produced by microorganisms, which can improve the water retention and firmness of products at a relatively low cost. It is widely used in the food industry and can greatly improve the taste, appearance and texture of products. In this experiment, curdlan gel was added to emulsified beef sausages, and the effects of curdlan gel on the water retention of emulsified beef sausages were studied by the indicators of cooking loss rate and centrifugal loss rate, and the process was optimized by single factor experiment and orthogonal test. The experimental results showed that the optimal process for preparing emulsified sausage was as follows: marinating time 120 min, chopping and mixing water 10%, and cooking time 45 min. The best sensory score of 86.7 was obtained for the preparation of emulsified sausage by this process. The addition of curdlan gel 1 and 2 could significantly reduce the cooking loss of beef emulsified sausage (P<0.05) and improve the water retention of emulsified sausage. The lowest cooking loss rate of 15.5% and 6.53% were found to be 15.5% and 6.53% respectively when 1.4% was added, and the lowest cooking loss rate was 13.82% and 3.7% for 1.4% and 3.7% respectively. The optimal addition amount of 2 is 1.4%, and according to the comparative analysis of curdlan gel No. 1 and No. 2, the water retention of curdlan gel No. 2 is higher than that of curdlan gel No. 1, which provides a certain reference for enterprises to produce beef emulsified sausage. Read More